2​ Biological Activity Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) are important incretin hormones contributing to 50-70% of the stimulation of insulin secretion after a meal.Dipeptidyl-peptidase IV(DPP-4) inhibitors inhibit the degradation of GLP-1 and GIP as well as that of other regulatory peptides. [1] Sitagliptin phosphate monohydrate abolished sDPP-IV effects on splenic CD4+ T-cell migration whereas incretins decreased migration of lymph node, but not splenic, CD4+ T-cells. Sitagliptin phosphate monohydrate decreases migration of splenic CD4+ T-cells through a pathway involving Rac1/VASP, whereas its inhibitory effects on the migration of lymph node CD4+ T-cells involve incretin-activation of the NF-κB pathway. [2] It is eliminated renally, with a terminal half-life of 11.8-14.4 hours. [3] 3​ References: [1] Gallwitz B. Drugs Today (Barc). 2007 Nov; 43(11):801-14 [2] Su-Jin Kim et al. Diabetes, 2010 July; 59(7):1739-1750 [3] Shannon A Miller et al. The Annals of Pharmacotherapy. 40(7):1336-1343 The pharmacological and toxicological properties of this product have not been fully investigated. Exercise caution in use and handling. This product must not be used in humans.